پژوهش های کاربردی مهندسی شیمی - پلیمر
فصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی

بررسی غشای کامپوزیتی با لایه گزینش‌پذیر نانومتری کیتوسان-اسید گالیک‌ در جداسازی دی اکسید کربن

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

رقیه خزائی
رضا عابدینی

آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی ازدیاد برداشت نفت و فرآوری گاز،دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل، بابل، ایران

چکیده
موضوع تحقیق: نفوذپذیری و گزینش‌پذیری بالا دو عامل مهم غشاهای جداسازی گاز به شمار می‌روند. برای دستیابی به چنین پارامترهایی غشاهای جداسازی گاز را می‌توان از لحاظ نوع پلیمر استفاده شده، نسبت مواد و ساختار اصلاح کرد. به همین منظور، در این پژوهش به بهبود عملکرد غشاها­ی لایه نازک کامپوزیتی (TFC) کیتوسان- اسید گالیک/پلی‌سولفون در جداسازی گاز CO2 پرداخته شده است.

روش تحقیق: برای تهیه غشاهای TFC کیتوسان-اسید گالیک /پلی‌سولفون، لایه ­ای نازک در مقیاس نانومتری از کیتوسان­-اسید گالیک روی لایه پشتیبان پلی ­سولفون (PSF) تشکیل شد. سپس، غشاهای لایه نازک کامپوزیتی کیتوسان-اسید گالیک‌ با نسبت ­های جرمی مختلف (کیتوسان : ‌اسید گالیک برابر با 1:1، 2:1 و1:2) ساخته شدند. از روش­های مختلفی نظیر تبدیل فوریه فروسرخ (FTIR)، میکروسکوپی الکترونی پویشی گسیل میدانی (FESEM) و طیف سنجی فوتوالکترونی پرتوی ایکس (XPS) به همراه آزمون گاز تراوایی برای جداسازی‌های CO2/CH4 و CO2/N2 برای بررسی ساختار و عملکرد غشاهای TFC بهره گرفته شد.

نتایج اصلی: بررسی ساختار شیمیایی غشاهای سنتز شده نشان دهنده ­ی تشکیل موفقیت آمیز زنجیره­ های کیتوسان-‌اسید گالیک در سطح PSF بود. تصاویر میکروسکوپی غشاهای سنتز شده نشان داد که لایه نازک متراکمی از کیتوسان-اسید گالیک به صورت یکنواخت بر روی لایه‌ی پشتیبان PSF تشکیل شد. حداکثر جداسازی CO2 با نسبت جرمی (1:2) کیتوسان-اسیدگالیک بدست آمد. افزایش کسر جرمی اسید گالیک در لایه‌ی انتخاب‌پذیر غشای لایه نازک کامپوزیتی (1:2) منجر به افزایش نفوذ‌پذیری CO2 نسبت به دو غشای لایه نازک کامپوزیتی (1:1) و (2:1) از 2/347 و 4/294 به GPU 1/411 شد. علاوه بر این، تراوایی هر یک از گازهای CH4 و N2 از طریق غشای لایه نازک کامپوزیتی (1:2) به ترتیب 6/24 و GPU 2/19 به دست آمد. همچنین، محاسبات گزینش­ پذیری گازها حاکی از افزایش گزینش ­پذیری CO2/CH4 و CO2/N2 از 84/13 و 165/17 در غشای لایه نازک کامپوزیتی (1:1) و 68/9 و 96/12 در غشا لایه نازک کامپوزیتی (2:1) به 71/16 و 41/21 در غشا لایه نازک کامپوزیتی (1:2) بوده است. نتایج حاصل نشان داد که عملکرد غشای لایه نازک کیتوسان_اسید گالیک که برای نخستین بار در جداسازی CO2 مورد استفاده قرار گرفت، قابل قبول بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کامپوزیت
غشای لایه نازک
کیتوسان- ‌اسید گالیک
پلی‌سولفون
جداسازی CO2

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Exploring the performance of a composite membrane with a nanometer-thin selective layer of chitosan-gallic acid for the separation of carbon dioxide

نویسندگان English

Roghayeh Khazaei
رضا عابدینی
Research Laboratory of Increased Oil Recovery and Gas Processing, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
چکیده English

Research subject: Permeability and high selectivity are two important factors of gas separation membranes. To achieve such parameters, gas separation membranes can be modified and improved in terms of material type, material ratio, structure, and etc. For this purpose, in this research, the performance of chitosan-gallic acid/polysulfone thin film composite membranes (TFC) has been improved in CO2 gas separation.

Research approach: To prepare chitosan-gallic acid/polysulfone TFC membranes, a nanometer-scale thin layer of chitosan-gallic acid was formed on the polysulfone support layer (PSF). Following this, chitosan-gallic acid composite thin layer membranes were synthesized with different mass ratios (1:1, 2:1, and 1:2). Various analytical techniques, including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray Photoelectric Spectroscopy )XPS(, were used to examine the structure of the TFC membranes, alongside CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation tests.

Main results: Examining the chemical structure of the synthesized membranes showed the successful formation of chitosan-gallic acid chains on the PSF surface. The microscopic images of the synthesized membranes showed that a dense thin layer of chitosan-gallic acid was uniformly formed on the PSF support layer. The highest CO2 separation was achieved with a chitosan-gallic acid mass ratio of 1:2. Increasing the gallic acid content in the selective layer of the thin film composite membrane resulted in improved CO2 permeability, increasing from 294.4 GPU and 347.2 GPU for the 1:1 and 2:1 membrane, respectively, to 411.1 GPU for the 1:2 membrane. Additionally, the permeability of CH4 and N2 gases through the thin film composite (1:2) membrane was measured at 24.6 GPU and 19.2 GPU, respectively. The gas selectivity calculations revealed an increase in selectivity for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2, rising from 13.84 and 17.165 in the 1:1 membrane and 9.684 and 12.969 in the 2:1 membrane to 16.711 and 21.411 in the 1:2 membranes. The results showed that the performance of the chitosan-gallic acid thin layer membrane, which was used for the first time in CO2 separation, was acceptable.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Composite
Thin layer membrane
Chitosan-galic acid
Polysulfone
CO2 separation
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