بررسی تخریب نوری پلی‌اتیلن کم‌چگالی حاوی پرواکسیدانت و فتوکاتالیست

قره داشلی, عبدالناصر; مرتضوی, سعید; رشیدی, حامد

بررسی تخریب نوری پلی‌اتیلن کم‌چگالی حاوی پرواکسیدانت و فتوکاتالیست

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

عبدالناصر قره داشلی ¹

سعید مرتضوی ²

حامد رشیدی ¹

¹ دانشگاه آزاد

² هیات علمی

چکیده

خلاصه

موضوع تحقیق: سرعت کند تخریب زیستی پسماندهای پلاستیکها، به خصوص انواع مختلف پلی‌اتیلن منجر به مشکلات بسیاری برای محیط زیست می‌شود. برای کاهش این معضلات، پرواکسیدانت‌ها به عنوان یک افزودنی به پلی‌اتیلن اضافه می‌شوند تا با تخریب نوری آن تخریب زیستی را تسریع کنند. در کنار پرو اکسیدانت‌ها، به نظر می‌رسد که فتوکاتالیست‌ها نیز می‌توانند بر روی تخریب نوری پلی‌اتیلن اثرگذار باشند که هدف این مطالعه نیز بررسی همین ایده است.

روش تحقیق: به منظور تسریع در تخریب کامپوزیت‌های LDPE با سلنید کادمیوم (CdSe) و فسفات‌تری نقره (Ag₃PO₄) به‌عنوان فتوکاتالیست و استئارات منگنز به‌عنوان پرو اکسیدانت از طریق اختلاط مذاب تهیه شدند و بصورت فیلم درآمدند . نمونه‌ها با نور مرئی و فرابنفش تحت تابش قرار گرفتند. آزمون‌های میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی (SEM)، آزمون حرارتی-‌ ‌مکانیکی-‌ دینامیکی (DMTA)، کالریمتری روبشی-‌‌تفاضلی (DSC) ، اندازه‌گیری‌های گرانروی‌سنجی و آزمون طیف سنجی مادن قرمز (FTIR) برای بررسی ریزساختار فیلم‌ها مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند.

یافته‌های تحقیق: طیف‌هایFTIR نشاندهنده افزایش قابل توجه در شاخص‌ کربونیل و شاخص وینیل برای نمونه‌های دارای فتوکاتالیست بودند. همچنین تصاویر SEM مربوط به این نمونه‌ها مؤید تخریب نوری بیشتر و همگون‌تر برای این نمونه‌ها نسبت به نمونه‌های بدون فتوکاتالیست بودند. آزمون‌های دینامیکی-مکانیکی- حرارتی نیز نشان داد که نمونه‌های پلی‌اتیلنی بدون افزودنی دارای مدول بالاتری نسبت به نمونه‌های دیگر بودند. هر چند به دلیل خواص هسته زایی ذرات فتوکاتالیست، بلورینگی آنها افزایش داشت. گرانروی نمونه‌های دارای فتوکاتالیست و پرواکسیدانت نسبت به پلی‌اتیلن خالص دچار کاهش شدید شد که نتایج مدلسازی نشان داد که این کاهش به دلیل تخریب زنجیره‌ها و کاهش جرم مولکولی آنها رخ داده است. در کل نتایج آزمون‌ها نشان داد که‌ترکیب فتوکاتالیست‌ها با پرو اکسیدانت‌ها اثر هم افزایی بر تخریب نوری LDPE دارد و روند تخریب آن را بسیار بیشتر از زمانی که فقط از پرواکسیدانت به تنهایی استفاده شود، تسریع می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تخریب نوری

فتو کاتالیست

پرواکسیدانت

آنالیز حرارتی- دینامیکی – مکانیکی

ویسکومتری

موضوعات

کامپوزیت

عنوان مقاله English

Investigation the photo-degradation of low-density polyethylene containing pro-oxidant and photo-catalyst

نویسندگان English

abdolnaser Gharehdashli ¹

saeed mortazavi ²

Hamed Rashidi ¹

¹ Azad university

² assistant professor

چکیده English

Abstract

Research subject: Low biodegradation rate of plastics, especially different grades of the polyethylene leads to many environmental problems. To reduce these effects, pro-oxidant added to the polyethylene to increase the photo-degradation and subsequently the bio-degradation rate of the polymer matrix. Besides the pro-oxidant, it seems that the photocatalysts can affect on the photo-degradation of the polyethylene and the subject of this study is to examine this idea.

Research approach: Photodegradable films of LDPE were prepared by melt blending of the polymer with cadmium selenide (CdSe) and trisilver phosphate (Ag₃PO₄) as photo-catalysts and manganese stearate as pro-oxidant. The samples were irradiated with visible and ultra-violet light. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and viscometry measurements were used to investigate the microstructure of the films.

Main results: FTIR spectra indicated to increment of the carbonyl index (CI) and vinyl index (VI) of the samples with photo-catalysts. In addition, SEM imaged confirmed higher and more homogeneous photo-degradation for these samples in comparison with other ones. Also, the dynamic-mechanical-thermal analysis showed that the polyethylene samples without the additives had higher modulus compared to other samples. However, the crystallinity of the samples with photo-catalysts increased due to nucleating agent effects of their particles. The viscosity of the samples containing the photo-catalysts and pro-oxidants decreased significantly and the modeling results showed that this decrement was due to the polymer chain degradation and reduction of their molecular weights. In general, the results showed that the combination of the photo-catalysts and the pro-oxidants had synergistic effect on the photo-degradation of the LDPE and accelerates its degradation process a lot more in comparison when only the pro-oxidant was used.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

polymer degradation

photo-catalyst

Pro-oxidant

DMTA

viscometry

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