نانوذرات سیلیکای استخراج شده از پوسته برنج و عامل‌دار شده با دندریمر به‌ عنوان یک جاذب قابل بازیافت مؤثر به منظور حذف کادمیوم دو ظرفیتی از محلول-های آبی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی اصیل

نویسندگان

استادیار رشته مهندسی شیمی، گروه پژوهشی شیمی وفرآیند، پژوهشگاه نیرو، تهران، ایران

چکیده
موضوع تحقیق: در این پژوهش در ابتدا نانوذرات سیلیکا از پوسته برنج به عنوان یک منبع زیستی استخراج شدند. این نانوذرات سیلیکا متخلخل با اندازه میانگین 45 نانومتر به طور موفقیت آمیزی از طریق یک روش چند مرحله­ای از پوسته برنج تهیه و با دندریمر عامل‏دار شدند و به منظور حذف یون­های کادمیوم دوظرفیتی از محلول­های آبی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند.

روش تحقیق: در ابتدا سدیم‏سیلیکات از پوسته برنج استخراج و به آن ستیل تری‏متیل آمونیوم برمید، هیدروکلریک اسید و استیک اسید اضافه شد و مخلوط حاصل تحت امواج فراصوت قرار گرفت. پس از واکنش هیدروترمال، نمونه‏های جمع آوری شده کلسینه و نانوذرات سیلیکا مورد نظر سنتز شدند. سپس نانوذرات سنتزی با مولکول‏های دندریمر عامل‏دار شدند. این نانوذرات با بکارگیری روش‏های مختلف همچون طیف‏‏سنجی مادون‏قرمز تبدیل‏فوریه، آزمون وزن سنجی حرارتی، میکروسکوپ الکترونی عبوری، میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی، اندازه­گیری سطح ویژه و توزیع اندازه ذرات شناسایی شدند. سپس اثر زمان بر عملکرد جاذب و تأثیرات مقادیر مختلف این نانوذرات سنتزی به عنوان جاذب در حذف یون‏های کادمیوم دوظرفیتی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین تأثیر زمان تماس جاذب بر میزان جذب کادمیوم و قابلیت بازیافت و استفاده مجدد از جاذب نیز مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند.

نتایج اصلی: نتایج نشان می‏دهد که کاهش محسوسی در عملکرد و فعالیت این نانوجاذب در جذب یون‏های فلزی بعد از 6 بار بازیافت و استفاده مجدد مشاهده نشده است. عملکرد عالی این نانوجاذب در حذف یون‏های فلزی به دلیل تخلخل بالا، گروه‏های آمینی فعال سطحی و نسبت سطح به حجم بالاست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Silica nanoparticles extracted from rice husk and functionalized with dendrimer as an effective recyclable adsorbent to remove divalent cadmium from aqueous solutions

نویسندگان English

Mohsen Esmaeilpour
Afsanehsadat Larimi
Aliakbar Asgharinezhad
Majid Ghahramanafshar
Morteza Faghihi
Assistant Professor, chemical and Process Engineering Department, Niroo research Institute, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Research subject: This study demonstrates a synthetic strategy for the preparation of porous SiO2 for adsorption applications using natural and waste materials from rice husks which are functionalized with polymer dendrimer molecules and surface amino groups as the source of biosilica and were investigated to remove divalent cadmium ions from aqueous solutions.

Research approach: Porous silica nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 45 nm were successfully fabricated from rice husk (RH) biomass via a multistep method. During the first step, sodium silicate is extracted from rice husks. Then, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, HCl, and acetic acid were added to the sodium silicate solution, and the resulting mixture was sonicated. After the hydrothermal reaction, the collected samples were calcinated to obtain silica nanoparticles. These synthetic nanoparticles were identified using various techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis and dynamic light scattering analysis. Then, the adsorption kinetics and the effects of synthetic nanoadsorbents dosage on the removal of divalent cadmium ions were investigated. The effect of contact time on cadmium adsorption and recyclability of adsorbent was also investigated.

Main results: The results show that there is no significant reduction in the performance and activity of this nanosorbent in the adsorption of metal ions after 6 times of recycling and reuse. The excellent performance of this nanosorbent in the removal of metal ions is due to its high porosity, active surface amine groups and high surface-to-volume ratio.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Nano-silica
Rice husk
Divalent cadmium
Effective adsorption
Dendrimer
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