Fabrication of nanocomposite scaffold based on bacterial cellulose/zinc oxide nanoparticles/polypyrrole with antibacterial and cytotoxicity assessment

Heydari, Sharif; Asefnejad, Azadeh; Hassanzadeh Nemati, Nahid; Goodarzi, Vahabodin; Vaziri, Ali

Fabrication of nanocomposite scaffold based on bacterial cellulose/zinc oxide nanoparticles/polypyrrole with antibacterial and cytotoxicity assessment

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

S. Heydari ¹

A. Asefnejad ²

N. Hassanzadeh Nemati ¹

V. Goodarzi ³

A. Vaziri ⁴

¹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University

² Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

³ Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, P.O.Box 19945-546

⁴ Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University

Abstract

The rise of bacterial infections has become a serious problem in human societies. As a result, the development of nanocomposite materials based on biocompatible and non-hazardous materials, besides having antimicrobial and biocompatibility or non-cytotoxicity, associated with unique structural properties, possesses a great importance. Research approach: In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC)/polypyrrole (PPy) and zinc nanoparticles (ZnO), which simultaneously have antimicrobial properties and cell proliferation, were introduced as a new generation of nanocomposite scaffolds produced by freeze-drying. To begin with, ZnO with different weight percentages of 1%, 3% and 5% was added to BC and then PPy in the amount of 2 mmol was embedded in the structure by in situ polymerization. FESEM images proved that the nanofibrous and porous structure of BC was also preserved in the presence of PPy and ZnO. However, after adding PPy and ZnO, they formed a dense structure and microstructure of grape clusters. By adding 2 mmol PPy into BC and upon in situ synthesizing, the tensile strength and Young modulus of BC were significantly reduced to 71 MPa and 2.5 GPa, respectively. On the other hand, with the addition of ZnO nanoparticles, the mechanical properties significantly increased (both of Young modulus and tensile strength compared to BC/PPy samples) due to the compaction of the nanocomposite aerogel’s structure and the formation of the interface of ZnO nanoparticles with both polymers of BC and PPy. The observation of the inhibition zone in the culture medium containing two gram-positive and negative bacteria, well proved the antibacterial ability of ternary nanocomposite scaffolds. The results of MT9 related to L929 on aerogels showed that by adding 3% of ZnO nanoparticles, adhesion and cell proliferation increased significantly during different days of 1 day, 5 days and 7 days of culture.

Keywords

Bacterial cellulose

Nanocomposite scaffolds

Polypyrrole

Zinc nanoparticles

Biocompatibility

Subjects

Biomedical Enginireeng

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